Arts pictures description Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Arts pictures description - Essay Example We can also see that the dress she is wearing has various bright colors, which dictate the entertaining tone of the picture. At the same time, the young woman is covering her hair with decorated attire manifest the presence of peace and the absence of conflict in the picture environment. In addition, the photo is on a white wall, which further promotes peace and equally suggests lack of sadness in the picture environment. All these characteristics create a calm atmosphere in the picture. Additionally, at the bottom left corner of the picture, I can see an electricity socket, which suggests that the picture is of a room with electricity. Indeed, I can also see the shadow of the photo lying below the photo on the wall, which suggests that there is a source of light coming from above the photo. Notably, the background of the picture on the wall is dark which relevantly complements the bright colors of the young woman’s clothing. The dark color on the background mixes with the bright colors on the foreground to create a good color mix and contrast that attracts and delivers comfort to the eyes. This picture shows a photo enclosed in a frame hanging on a wall. The picture has the foreground, middle ground, and the background. On the foreground of the picture, we see a white wall where the photo hangs on. The white color of the wall suggests the presence of peace and absence of conflict in the picture environment. In the middle ground of the picture, I can see a photo frame decorated with a dull color. The dull color suggests calmness in the picture environment. At the same time, we can note the richness of the color on the photo frame, which defines the value of the enclosed photo. More so, we can see that the photo frame is wooden which defines the respect for traditions and equally, the value of the frame. Furthermore, it is clear that the photo frame has different layers that narrow to the inside, which shows the perfection of the author and

Alabama Immigration Law Essay Example for Free

Alabama Immigration Law Essay Policy Analysis I Paper CJA 463 Policy Analysis I Paper The new Alabama Immigration Law has set a new get tough standard for immigration law and policies. The law â€Å"[outlaws illegal immigrants from receiving any state or local public benefits, bars them from enrolling in or attending public colleges, and prohibits them from applying for or soliciting work]†. (Fausset,  para. 11) The Alabama Immigration Law also forbids the harboring and transport of illegal immigrants. The law also outlaws them from knowingly renting any type of facility or property and does not allow them to work any where in the sate. If a company has an illegal person on their payroll then it makes it an illegal practice to not hire a legal resident. A big issue that has come up in many debates is the fact that schools now have to verify the legality of students in their schools. It does not ban students from attending the school but it does require that the schools keep a report and send it in to the state board of education. Another issue is that the police department must detain any person that can no provide documentation of being a United States Citizen. The Governor of Alabama, Robert Bentley, initiated this bill into congress and it was passed. The bill takes effect on September 1st 2011. Opponents of the bill state that it is unconstitutional. Some of them even saying that it is going back to the pre civil rights era. People are afraid that students will be afraid to attend school in case they are found out to be illegal. If they are found to be illegal then their parents and family could be kicked out of their home, fired from their jobs and they could lose any benefits that they may have making it impossible for them to live. The fear is also that they will be harassed by other kids at the school making it hard for them to attend and learn. The constitutional issue that arises is the discrimination factor. Illegal immigrants are being discriminated against because of their background. It is against the constitution to do that. This has many people angry and looking to overturn the laws in Alabama because of this. This law is more of a regulatory policy because the government of Alabama passed the law to ban illegal immigrants from the state and the laws to enact this ban are going to be taken into effect. The policies and laws surrounding this new act will affect many people and organizations. The illegal immigrants are going to be affected but the police department will have to make a special unit to handle the illegal immigrants or the suspected illegal immigrants that are stopped and detained. This will cost the taxpayers more money and will cost the police department more money because they will have to build bigger facilities, hire more work force and ensure that everyone is multilingual that works on these task forces. Those that do not have the funds to build bigger holding facilities will have to incur the costs to transport the illegal immigrants to other facilities within the state to hold until another unit comes in and verifies their status. The schools will have to hire a whole team that counts and ensures legal status for all children in the school. This unit would need to be multilingual to help with the needs of the illegal immigrant children and to ensure they knew what to do with these statistics. The school system will incur many costs because the unit will have to research and prepare a report stating their findings to the state board of education in Alabama. The state as a whole will be affected because employers will be afraid to hire anyone that does not â€Å"look† American. The employers have to hire another set of employees just to handle the paperwork involved in the e-verify system and to ensure all of their employees are legally authorized to work in the United States. This will cost the employers more money and will leave them little to no room to give incentive raises or merit based raises because of the new jobs this will entail. When new jobs are added, more taxes and insurance is required causing some places to maybe even shut their doors.

Initial List of Intriguing cultural differences. There are no toilet seat covers in LondonPeople walk much faster here :: Anthropology

Initial List of Intriguing cultural differences. There are no toilet seat covers in LondonPeople walk much faster here. There are no toilet seat covers in London people walk much faster here crossing the streets is extremely dangerous. People on the tube won’t acknowledge your presence everyone is an aggressive driver young children take the tube alone to school and back if you talk on the tube you receive dirty looks. In the first week or so I found some of my observations to be quite odd, and wondered how people were able to live with conditions such as these. As some time has passed I realized Londoners are used to way the things work here, and even after a few short weeks I became to understand, and in most cases appreciate them as well. The only exception would be the toilet seat covers, which I miss much more than California. Londoners tend to be very busy, especially during the week, and that is easily shown by their brisk walking pace. Theirannoyance is displayed everytime you can see them stuck behind peoplewalking slow and blocking their path. Crossing the streets is an adventure everytime, but after you know and respect the danger involved then it is not as dangerous as it first seems as long as you are cautious. Londoners on the tube will almost always completely everyone else and avoid eye contact at all costs. It is very hard to drive in London unless you are familiar with it. In some place the lack of traffic signs could make a defensive driver take an hour for a drive that should only take minutes. I was shocked when I saw young children taking the tube and walking the streets of London alone. I live in a very quiet small affluent town back home and children are seldomly seen crossing the street without an adult present. I have been nearly hit by cars/motorcycles a few times since I’ve been in London, so it concerns me that children who tend to have less of a sense of mortality than adults could be given such an enormous amount of responsibilty. Although I will never be completely comfortable with the notion of children having so much responsibil ity for their own safety in such a dangerous place, I understand they are quite familiar with the dangers involved and take the neccessary precautions. From the reactions of the surrounding people you would come to believe talking on the tube is a very serious crime.

Stanley

Stanley Ho Hung Sun : the ‘King of Gambling’ ,from his multiethnic identity to the contribution to society Introduction Macao is known to the world for its casino industry. Macao's richest man, Ho Hung Sun, is an entrepreneur in Asia. Ho is also known as â€Å"The King of Gambling†, showing the monopoly he held of the Macau gambling industry for over 40 years. Behind Stanley Ho's successful career is a story of ordeals and adventures that will inspire everyone. This essay focuses on the contribution of Stanley Ho as a multiethnic entrepreneur in laying the foundations for Macao to become a world-know gambling place.The factors that explain Stanley Ho's success is complex . Ranging from his multiethnic identity, family connections, to the historical background (particularly the Second World War and the Handover to China), have all played a vital role. Background Stanley Ho’s Multi-ethnicity Stanley Ho was born in a well-known and influential family in Hong K ong on November 25, 1921. His grandfather Ho Fok was the younger brother of Sir Robert Ho Tung, an influential figure in Hong Kong’s political and commercial circles at that time. While Sir Robert Ho Tung, was an influential businessman in British Hong Kong.He was an multiethnic person, born to a man of Dutch and Jewish ancestry named Charles Henri Maurice Bosman and Madame Sze, a Han Chinese woman of Bao An heritage. It has often been claimed that he was the â€Å"first Chinese to be allowed to live on Victoria Peak† in 1906. Stanley Ho’s father, Ho Sai Kwong, was a business who made great fortunes. Stanley Ho was born with a silver spoon in his mouth. But his father lost his fortune when he was only 12, after an adverse stock market investment and abandoned his family. It shown that Stanley Ho is Portuguese, Jewish, British and Chinese multi-ethnic mixed. Fortunes may not follow you a lifetime, only knowledge will. † By Stanley Ho Stanley Ho studied at Q ueen's College, Hong Kong. Owing to his unsatisfactory academic results, he attended Class D, which is the lowest class level. After realizing studying was the only path to improve his social status, he worked hard and earned himself a scholarship to the University of Hong Kong. He was the first student from Class D to be granted a scholarship. But unfortunately he couldn't finish the studies due to the broke out of World War II in1942. Stanley Ho’s CareerStanley Ho left Hong Kong for Macao with only 10 Hong Kong dollars in his pocket. Fortunately, He soon found a job in the biggest company in Macao. The company was jointly controlled by the most influential groups in Macao, the Portuguese Macao government and the Japanese army. Thanks to his hard work and command of four different languages (Portuguese, Japanese, British and Chinese) . Ho became a partner of the company and got a million dividends at the end of the second year he joined. When the war ended, Ho returned to Ho ng Kong and started the real estate business.As the industry in Hong Kong was experiencing a period of rapid growth, Ho made huge profits from the business and became one of the richest men in the region. In 1961, the Portuguese Macau government planned to develop Macao's casino industry and placed bids for its operation. Ho teamed up with Henry Fok Ying Tung, a businessman in Hong Kong, and won the bid. They promised the government to open a new port in Macao, and secondly, bought efficient ships which could shortened the commuting time between Hong Kong and Macao to about one and a half hours.More importantly, they committed to spend 90%of the income they earned on charities. Offering such favorable conditions, their rivals could not compete at all. At the end of 1990, Ho had already control the entire casino industry in Macao with his nine casino companies. It is estimated that about 1/4 of residents in Macau were worked for his companies. This explains why Ho received the glory of the â€Å"Gambling King† though he never gambled himself. In 2003, Ho lost his monopoly on Macao's casino industry due to the stricter government's policy. But his influence in Macao's economy and his status as the Gambling King do not end.In 2008, Ho was 113th on â€Å"Forbes† magazine's list of the world's richest people. According to the report by Hong Kong media in 2010, Ho’s four listed companies shares held by the hand, including the Casino, the Shun Tak group and MELCO international and VC holdings, the market value at that time a total of about HK $35 billion dollars. His properties, plus the sum of the market value of the non-listed companies, conservatively estimated that they worth more than 60 billion Hong Kong dollars. Honours ; Awards With his international profile, Ho received a number of honours from overnments around the world, including Portugal, the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, Spain, Japan, Malaysia, the Papal Insignia and others. Maca u  Ã‚  Ã‚  | A Medalha de Honra Lotus de Ouro (Golden Lotus Medal of Honour) (2001)A Medalha de Honra Grande Lotus (Grand Lotus Medal of Honour) (2007)A new avenue in Macau was named after Dr. Ho as â€Å"Avenida Doutor Stanley Ho† (Dr. Stanley Ho Avenue) in May 1998. He is the first Chinese in the history of Macau who has an avenue to be named after during lifetime. G2E Asia Visionary Award  (2009)  | Hong Kong  | Gold Bauhinia Star (G. B. S. ) (2003) |China  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  | Honorary Citizen gGuangzhou, Guangdong Province (1993)Honorary Citizen of Nanhai, Guangdong Province (1994)Honorary Citizen of Foshan, Guangdong Province (1995)Honorary Citizen of Sanshui, Guangdong Province (1995)Guangzhou City – Award for Outstanding Achievement (1996)Honorary Citizen of Jiangmen, Guangdong Province (1997)Honorary Citizen of Zhuhai, Guangdong Province (1998)Honorary Citizen of Beijing (2000)Chinese Charity Award (2005 ; 2008)Beijing Olympics Honour (2008) | Portugalà ‚  | Comendador da Ordem de Benemerencia (Commander of the Order of Benefaction) (1970)Comendador da Ordem do Infante Dom Henrique (Commander of the Order of Prince Henry the Navigator) (1981)Grande-Oficial da Ordem do Infante Dom Henrique (Grand Officer of the Order of Prince Henry the Navigator) (1985)Gra-Cruz da Ordem do Merito (Grand Cross of the Order of Merit) (1990) Medalha Naval de Vasco da Gama (Naval Medal, Vasco da Gama) (1991)Gra-Cruz da Ordem do Infante Dom Henrique (Order of the Grand Cross of Prince Henry the Navigator) (1995)Nuno Goncalo Vieira Matias (Medal of the Naval Cross, First Class) (1999)Medalha de Merito Turistico No Grau Ouro (Gold Medal of Merit in Tourism) (2001)Medal of Corporate Merit by the Municipality of Cascais (2008)An avenue in Cascais was named after Dr. Ho as â€Å"Avenida Dr. Stanley Ho† (Dr. Stanley Ho Avenue) in October 2008. He is the first Chinese in the history of Portugal who has an avenue to be named after during lifetime. | Unit ed Kingdom  | Commander of the Most Venerable Order of St. John of Jerusalem (1983) Officer of the Order of the British Empire (O. B. E. ) (1990) | France| Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur (1983) Commandeur de la Legion d'Honneur (2004)| Spain  | Cruz de Plata de la Orden Civil de la Solidaridad Social (Silver Cross Medal of Social Solidarity) (1993) |Belgium| Commandeur de L’ordre de la Couronne (Commander of the Order of the Crown) (2007) | Japan  | Insignia of the Order of the Sacred Treasure (1987) | Malaysia  Ã‚  Ã‚  | Darjah Dato Seri’ Paduka Mahkota Perak (S. P. M. P. ) (Honourable Order of the Crown of Perak) (1990) Darjah Seri’ Paduka Mahkota Terengganu (S. P. M. T. ) (Honourable Order of the Crown of Terengganu) (1997) | Papal Insignia| Eqvitem Commendatorem Ordinis Sancti Gregorii Magni by His Holiness Pope John Paul II (1989)| Contribution to Society Adhering to the principle of â€Å"from society to society†, Ho supports many activiti es for the benefit of Macau’s people and society. As a responsible entrepreneur, he places special emphasis on improving social welfare, medical services and education in Macau and Hong Kong.Because during those years of managing the casino business, he admitted that many families were ruined by gambling. So he did a lot of charity works to make up for it and live up to the expectations of society. In Social Aspect Ho worked to strengthen the foundations of Macau, including enhancement of Macau’s basic infrastructure, transportation and tourism amenities. Examples of developments that demonstrate Ho’s contribution to Macau include the Friendship Bridge, Macau Maritime Terminal, Macau container port, Macau International Airport, Macau Tower, urbanization of the Outer Harbour District, reclamation of the Nam Van Lakes District, high speed ferries, hotels and many others.All these help turning Macau into an integrated tourism city and benefits of its people. As Ho said in 1962, â€Å"The view that our enterprise is merely focus on gambling is a misconception. Our purpose is to bring a new prosperity to Macau and to improve the welfare and living standard of Macau citizens†. History proves his promise. Over the years, Ho has also contributed to the promotion of Macau as a platform between China and the Portuguese-speaking countries for economic and cultural exchange by means of his investment presence and networks in Macau, Hong Kong, China and Portugal. In Educational Aspect Ho’s charitable contributions on educational field are extensive.Donations to schools and education funds are set up to encourage students from the low-income family to continue their studies. For example, The Stanley Ho Scholarship is available to the new graduate accepted for a research degree at Oxford University in the area of Chinese studies. He also supports the Girl Guides and the Boy Scouts, and the Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts, the Workers' Children Schools in Hong Kong and Macau, to the Police Children's Education Trust. Conclusion Relation between his identity and career During the days Ho escaped to Macau in 1942, he joined the Macau Cooperative Company, the ownership of which was shared between Chinese, Japanese and Portuguese interest parties.Ho was well command of four languages, Portuguese, Japanese, English and Chinese due to his multi-ethnicity. Then he could be well communicated with different parties at that time. He soon became successful in Macau, he then returned to Hong Kong in 1947. His company, the Agencia Commercial Progresso, engaged in ship-breaking and dealt in piece goods. From 1948, he was Managing Director of the Hong Kong Match Factory. He traded with Korea during the Korean War. As Ho's eldest daughter Angela mentioned, thanks to her late mother, Clementina Leitao. Her connections in Portugal and Macau were the biggest single factor for Ho in winning the gambling monopoly in 1961.Ho’s business interests extend from Macau, Hong Kong, China and Portugal to across the world and cover a spectrum of industry sectors including gaming, hospitality, real estate, shipping. Relation between his identity and contribution â€Å"One must study hard. Nothing is better than a good education,† said Ho. Upon success in career, Stanley Ho has paid much attention to the development of education in Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau, including sponsoring and funding various research and educational programs. As a member of the Court of the University of Hong Kong, Stanley Ho offered financial assistance to the construction of its new academic building and facilities, for example the University of Hong Kong Stanley Ho Sports Centre.For his contributions to the Hong Kong economy and to the promotion of education, The University of Hong Kong conferred upon him an Honorary Doctorate in Social Sciences in 1987. Ho is the Honorary Lifetime Chairman of The University of Hong Kong F oundation for Educational Development and Research, and a founding member of the Court of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University as well. The reason why Stanley Ho contributes so much on the educational fields of Hong Kong is obvious. Across several studies (Renn, 2004; Wallace, 2003), how a multiracial individual looks, including skin color, hair texture and color, eye and nose shape, and so ,could strongly influences his or her identity.For Stanley Ho, he has big blond eyes with long and tall nose like foreigners. But to a certain extent, Ho treated his identity as a Hong Kong citizen. Although Stanley Ho is a multiethnic person with Portuguese, Jewish, British and Chinese multi-ethnic mixed. Ho was born and raised in Hong Kong. He studied at the Queen's College and the University of Hong Kong. Ho believes that fulfilling his obligations to society is such a source of happiness and satisfaction. So he donates much to support students in Hong Kong. Probably majority of them goes to t he University of Hong Kong, which is the mother school of Stanley Ho. To a certain extent, the ecological approach described by Brunsma helps explaining such case.It predicts mixed-raced individuals will choose one race or other to identify with depending where they are in live- in other words, the different situation or physical location they may find themselves in. As Stanley Ho was born and raised in Hong Kong and worked in Macau for long periods, It is not difficult to explain why he contributes so much on both Hong Kong and Macau’s schools and academic institutions instead of those in India, for example. Future Ho has made extensive contributions to the gambling business of Macau and to the sustainable prosperity of Macau over the past 48 years. Among the six operators, SJM (the one owned by Stanley Ho) is the only company with its roots in Macau, and the largest casino operator in terms of gaming revenue, market share and number of casinos.Now that the king of gambling Stanley Ho is 92 years old already, his rivals are speculating on who will fill the power vacuum when he eventually dies. Since Macau opened its markets to foreign investors, the era of Stanley Ho has been diminishing gradually. There will not be another figure like Stanley Ho . And the future of Stanley Ho's holdings has been in question. Words Cited List Renn, K. A. Understanding the Identities of Mixed-Race College Students Through a Developmental Ecology Lens. Journal of College Student Development, 2003. Print Wallace, K. R. Contextual Factors Affecting Identity Among Mixed Heritage College Students. Multiracial Child Resource Book: Living Complex Identities. MAVIN Foundation, 2003. Print

Love and Friend Essay

Among my friends, I cherish the most is Ha.She is a good student of my class, she lived with her ​​parents in a small house near my house. She has long black hair, oval face and eyes speak. What particularly struck me about her was the smile. She looks so cute when he smiles. She is a form of friends that I can share everything. She always believed and helped me in every situation. She is friendly, gentle and endearing all friends. She likes Literacy, reading, listening to music and go under heaven mua.Chung I have a lot in common with each other, has become good friends over the past 5 years. Although time has passed long in any case, I’m and Ha also trying to keep this friendship Love is the ultimate prize in life, the gift that I am most thankful for. The description of love is found in every smile, every pounding heart, and the sweet taste of every single kiss. Love is an emotional feeling deep inside the human soul so that, In this essay I would like to describe about my love . she’s absolutely the most amazing and sweetest person in the world to me. She always cheers me up if I am ever upset. I love her more than anything in the whole world and she cares more about me than anything else†¦ She treats me as if I were the most beautiful person in the world and never fails to tell me that She loves me. She tells me that she loves the way my eyes sparkle when she tells me how much she loves me. She is so beautiful . she has long pretty red hair. SHe is so smart and beautiful and funny and nerdy and cool. She makes me love her by loving me. She makes me feel good about myself in ways I didn’t imagine I could possibly feel good about. Like the way I chew my lip or the way my voice sounds.. She tries to help me with my homework and it’s funny because she’s so smart and I’m so dumb and I never understand what she’s saying and I end up just kissing her because, math is stupid and she’s gorgeous. she is just amazing. she is just perfect and she’s my other half. Her name is An and I really want to say with her that : â€Å" thank you for being a part of my life † Love is the ultimate prize in life, the gift that I am most thankful for. The description of love is found in every smile, every pounding heart, and the sweet taste of every single kiss. Love is an emotional feeling deep inside the human soul Love looks like the wind, because it is not literally visible. However, it can be felt, giving proof to the saying that sometimes you have to believe to see. The only way of seeing love is through the ways people show it.

The People Stronger Than Senate in Rome essays

The People Stronger Than Senate in Rome essays Through a well-organized government a state can function effectively by exercising both social control and allocating power to institutions that function for the well being of society. The constitution embodies principles that serve as a mean to govern its nation. These are regulatory bodies of society that are driven by the constitution and that up to almost the end of the republic had succeeded in maintaining order. As a whole the constitution allowed the existence of an organized government, from which the state benefited, because they were able to concentrate on their foreign policy. Three important aspects of the constitution are the consuls, the senate, and the people of Rome. In theory these three elements are equal between themselves, but in practice some are disadvantaged more than their counterparts. The people as a unit were disadvantage, and less politically involved; a flaw that will later mark the end of the Roman republic. The first part of this essay will be looking at the important roles and functions of each element, and later, how they work for, or against each other. The important aspect of the constitution is the role and responsibilities of the people. In theory the people were the ones who were suppose to have the right to award both honors and punishments. When there were crimes committed that were punishable by fine, the people had the option to try the cases in courts. For more serious crimes, especially if the accused had held a high position in office and was risking being sentenced, they were allowed to voluntarily take exile upon themselves. The people awarded honor by bestowing office upon those who they thought deserved it. They were the ones who controlled the law courts, through the electoral system. The electoral system is very important because it brings together the state and the general society. The state can interpret the wishes of the people, find a middle ground and transla...

Messenger by Lois Lowry

Messenger by Lois Lowry Free Online Research Papers Messenger, by Lois Lowery, is about a boy named Matty and is set in futuristic times. Matty had come to Village six years ago after fleeing a life of hardship and poverty. In his old village he had a friend with a twisted leg named Kira. After Kira’s mother had passed away Matty had gone into Forest to find her a gift so she would like him better and that was when he came upon Village. The people there were kind to him and had all come from villages like his own and were all â€Å"broken† as he liked to put it. He met a blind man there who the people called Seer and after talking to him discovered that he was his friend Kira’s father who was said to be dead. After meeting her father Kira had promised to someday come to Village and live there when the time was right, but first she had things to accomplish. Matty returned to Village with Seer to live with him. Matty was a different person than he had been then. He had been attending school where his teacher, Mentor, who was a sweet old man with a birthmark on his face and a lovely daughter named Jean, had tamed him and taught him to speak correctly and read. Matty decided that when the time came for him to receive his true name he wanted to be called the Messenger. He took messages to other villages and around his own Village often and even took messages to his old village. Forest liked him which was fortunate because he spent most of his time in it. Many people were destroyed by Forest, but the trees on the paths almost seemed to spread and usher him through. One day Matty discovered a frog that was almost dead and when he reached down to pick it up a power surged through his hands. It was a feeling he had never before felt To his surprise when he put the frog back down its almost amputated leg was repaired. Matty was frightened and although secrets had been a part of his past he didn’t want anyone to know yet. Matty knew that Leader had a gift. Leader was a young man with blue eyes who had founded Village and he could see beyond. Could Matty have a gift as well? There was a change in Village that Matty had been noticing. Mentor’s birthmark was beginning to fade and he seemed to have a different attitude. He had created a petition to close Village Matty began to notice that other people were changing too. Seer noticed a difference too. Trade Mart used to be a place where people went to trade things but it seemed more important for some reason so Matty decided to go see what was happening. People were trading themselves for other things and this alarmed him. Mentor traded something for a woman and he began to stand straighter and care less about people. Matty told Leader about this and after it had been decided that Village would close to newcomming people Matty knew that he had three weeks to go retrieve Seer’s daughter or she would never be able to come live there. Leader looked beyond into Forest and told Matty it was dangerous and Forest was thickening so Matty must hurry Matty left with the puppy he had healed named Frolic to get Kira and Forest did seem different. He seemed to lose the paths he knew so well and couldn’t catch fish as easily. Kira had a gift too. She could thread pictures of the future although they only lasted a few seconds. Leader knew this as well and told Matty to save his gift. A wall was beginning to go up around Village. When he got to Kira she knew already it was time to go and what was happening. They left the next morning. Forest was so thick now Matty had a hard time finding the path. Poison dripped from the vines and burned Matty’s arms terribly and branches lashed out and cut Kira’s legs and feet. Leader looked beyond and saw Forest preparing to destroy them and he knew he must help. By the time Leader entered Forest Matty and Kira were lost in the middle of Forest and there was a horrible stench, no food, and snakes. Leader was coming to help them but the bugs were stinging him and the vines had grasped his foot and began to hold min down. He reached out in his mind to Kira who felt his presence but was too weak to go on. Leader told her to tell Matty that they needed his gift now. Matty was so weak he didn’t think he could do it but he placed his hands on the ground and power surged through them. Matty then saw himself above the trees floating. He saw things go back to the way they had been. Leader found Kira weeping over Matty’s body and she told Leader that Matty had been hoping to get his name after this trip. Leader picked up the boy’s body and said that he would be remembered as Healer. Lowery did a great job on this book. It is very interesting and unusual. Matty sacrifices himself for the world almost as Jesus did. Terms are used differently in the story and an example is the way the characters refer to the forest as â€Å"Forest† and give it characteristics of a living creature. This makes the story different and intriguing. I would recommend this book to anyone with an imagination and an eye for adventure. Research Papers on Messenger by Lois LowryBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XTrailblazing by Eric AndersonHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyMind Travel19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Spring and AutumnThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationQuebec and CanadaHonest Iagos Truth through Deception

Sentence Building with Adjective Clauses

Sentence Building with Adjective Clauses In our study of adjective clauses, weve learned the following: The adjective clausea word group that modifies a nounis a common form of subordination.An adjective clause usually begins with a relative pronoun.The two main types of adjective clauses are restrictive and nonrestrictive. Now were ready to practice building and combining sentences with adjective clauses. Consider how these two sentences can be combined: My mp3 player fell apart after a few weeks.My mp3 player cost over $200. By substituting the relative pronoun which for the subject of the second sentence, we can create a single sentence containing an adjective clause: My mp3 player, which cost over $200, fell apart after a few weeks. Or we may choose to substitute which for the subject of the first sentence: My mp3 player, which fell apart after a few weeks, cost over $200. Put what you think is the main idea in the main clause, the secondary (or subordinate) idea in the adjective clause. And keep in mind that an adjective clause usually appears after the noun it modifies. PRACTICE: Building Sentences with Adjective ClausesCombine the sentences in each set into a single, clear sentence with at least one adjective clause. Subordinate the information that you think is of secondary importance. When you are done, compare your new sentences with the sample combinations below. Keep in mind that many combinations are possible, and in some cases you may prefer your own sentences to the original versions. The first alarm clock woke the sleeper by gently rubbing his feet.The first alarm clock was invented by Leonardo da Vinci.Some children have not received flu shots.These children must visit the school doctor.Success encourages the repetition of old behavior.Success is not nearly as good a teacher as failure.I showed the arrowhead to Rachel.Rachels mother is an archaeologist.Merdine was born in a boxcar.Merdine was born somewhere in Arkansas.Merdine gets homesick every time she hears the cry of a train whistle.The space shuttle is a rocket.The rocket is manned.This rocket can be flown back to earth.This rocket can be reused.Henry Aaron played baseball.Henry Aaron played with the Braves.Henry Aaron played for 20 years.Henry Aaron was voted into the Hall of Fame.The vote was taken in 1982.Oxygen is colorless.Oxygen is tasteless.Oxygen is odorless.Oxygen is the chief life-supporting element of all plant life.Oxygen is the chief life-supporting element of all animal life.Bushido is the tr aditional code of honor of the samurai.Bushido is based on the principle of simplicity.Bushido is based on the principle of honesty.Bushido is based on the principle of courage.Bushido is based on the principle of justice. Merdine danced on the roof.It was the roof of her trailer.Merdine danced during the thunderstorm.The thunderstorm flooded the county.The thunderstorm was last night. When you have completed all ten sets, compare your new sentences with the sample combinations below. The first alarm clock, which woke the sleeper by gently rubbing his feet, was invented by Leonardo da Vinci.Children who have not received flu shots must visit the school doctor.Success, which encourages the repetition of old behavior, is not nearly as good a teacher as  failure.I showed the arrowhead to Rachel, whose mother is an archaeologist.Merdine, who was born in a boxcar somewhere in Arkansas, gets homesick every time she hears the cry of a train whistle.The space shuttle is a manned rocket that can be flown back to earth and reused.Henry Aaron, who played baseball with the Braves for 20 years, was voted into the Hall of Fame in 1982.Oxygenwhich is colorless, tasteless, and odorlessis the chief life-supporting element of all plant and animal life.Bushido, which is the traditional code of honor of the samurai, is based on the principles of simplicity, honesty, courage, and justice.Merdine  danced on the roof of her trailer during the thunderstorm that flooded the county las t night. See also:  Combining Sentences and Building Paragraphs With Adjective Clauses

International Business Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

International Business Strategy - Essay Example mmon things like culture, similar administrative issues such as free trade which has seen a boom in economic trade across regional countries over the past decades. According to the article, even the most successful multinational companies’ history is linked to their regions of origin. There are five different approaches to this regional strategy namely: home based strategy, portfolio strategy which seeks to build a regional portfolio, the hub strategy which is concerned with building regional bases, platform strategy which is about customisation of products as well as the mandate strategy which focuses on specialisation of particular products to the other regions. If properly implemented, all these strategies can add a competitive advantage to the organisation given that they are mainly concerned with improving efficiency in manufacturing as well as trade among regions and ultimately global markets. Popular brands across the globe can be identified with their regions of origin. Thus, it can be noted that regions represent just one way of aggregating across borders to achieve greater efficiencies than would be achievable with a country-by-country approach which is one notable interesting part of this regional strategy. What is interesting in reading this article is the fact business develops from grassroots level and it develops across regions until reaching a global stage. Most developed global businesses evolved from regional levels and they can be identified with their regions of origin. Indeed, I agree with this given that different products that are sold globally have traceable origins which can be linked to their regions. However, one notable difficulty encountered from a critical reading of this article is that there is no universally agreed definition of what constitutes a region. A region can be intra-national or international and this distinction is not clearly defined in this context. It can be noted that some Japanese companies like Toyota are

Supply Chain Management -Case assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Supply Chain Management -Case assignment - Essay Example Hence they have decided to face changing times by offering a low cost version of their product and introducing a new target audience. TFCs key strengths are their extensive experience in the field of chassis for motor homes, their technological adaptability & advancement, quality designs, marketing knowledge and design development on time exactly as per customer preference. TFC’s management has recognized the opportunity which lies in expanding their product portfolio to low priced product to cater to price sensitive audience. Low priced items have always posed threat to high end customized item especially when the economy is receding; hence diversity in product portfolio is always a balancing act (a safe bet for survival) for the company during all times. While expanding the product portfolio TFC faced a weakness for the first time that is delay in lead time of building chassis. Commonly a chassis would have been designed, customize and made ready in less than 30 days. However due to restrained capital available they could not meet all customer demands on time while catering two product types. Main area of time lag occurred at the designing stage as identified by the team. At this scenario TFC was approached by Computer-Images a design house in another estate proposing to become an outsourced designing outlet for low end chassis line working electronically only upon specifications provided by TFC. This approach was proposed with a key to keep TFC’s focus on high end chassis (TFC’s star product) while meeting demand for both high end and low end chassis. Now TFC has two options either to accept Computer-Image’s proposal to have low end product outsourced or increase current capacity to overcome time delay in designing and remain an in-sourced organization enjoying control over time, design and delivery. De Looff (1996) uses key 6 goals in his book defining outsourcing /

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Essay Example This hierarchy applies to humans individually. Every one has different needs and requirements and therefore they move across the hierarchy differently. For example if you put Bill Gates in this hierarchy, then he might only need to fulfill his self actualization need because all his previous needs have already been fulfilled. Some one might not require safety need because he or she might not give much importance to it and therefore directly move to the esteem need. People with different age bracket and with different sex have different requirements with respect to these needs. The biological need is the basic need and therefore it remains the same for males or females. People with 18-30 year age bracket require this need more because these people are not usually established and are working hard for a better living where as people above this age bracket usually are settled and has less of this need. Safety need is more amongst females as compared to males as they feel more insecure than men. Belongingness and love need is equally important for either males of females or person of any age group. It is surprising that women have more of esteem needs than men and very less of people in the 18-30 age group desire esteem need. Aesthetics need is only amongst the fem... Belongingness and love need is equally important for either males of females or person of any age group. It is surprising that women have more of esteem needs than men and very less of people in the 18-30 age group desire esteem need. Aesthetics need is only amongst the females. And females of age group 18-30 desire more of it than do the 31-45 because those females are more young and trendy and therefore follow the fashion. Many people like to achieve the self actualization but females desire more of this need than do males. People above the 31 years of age might go for it because they might have fulfilled all the other needs and this is the last thing left. Transcendence is related to self actualization but it is basically to do something which no one other has done or to think out of the ordinary and this is more in men than in women. And this desire of need arises more when a person has just passed or about to pass the teen age and is a young person when the capacity to think creatively is more as compared to after the thirties. Bibliography Richard L. Daft. Management. Orlando, Florida: The Dryden Press, Harcourt Brace College Publishers,

Business Plan Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9000 words

Business Plan - Thesis Example This has lead to the growth of online business across the globe and was the major reason for choosing the online form of business as it relates to Ortiz. The products produced by Ortiz are also in demand as footwear market has showed a steady growth rate over the past years. Additionally, continual changes in consumer’s preference, footwear demands continue to evolve and increase at a rate comparable to that of the apparel market. Factories producing the product line of Ortiz are currently located in the country of Colombia. As such, Ortiz plans to export its product from Colombia to European markets and sell these products through online marketplace to the end consumer. The products of Ortiz are manufactured to specifically keep the needs and preference of its target market in mind. As such, this target demographic includes younger and middle aged fashion conscious men and women who place a premium on footwear that is both stylish, fashionable, and comfortable. Objectives: To become a market leader in the online market for fashionable shoes To develop a superior reputation by allowing the customer to experience a streamlined and painless online shopping experience. To gain a reputation of reliable delivery in UK market and also for high quality shoes and design To determine the success of the business plan feasibility study was conducted in the online business sector and footwear market. It has been revealed that there exists a huge potential in the online business sector and also in the footwear market as the demand has increased drastically as compared to previous years. The feasibility research took into consideration five key areas, product/service, industry, market, organizational, and financial sectors. Next the business plan analyzes the business model. Ortiz implemented the affiliate business model and aims to earn revenue by its â€Å"pay per click† facility. The core strategy has been defined and explained in Chapter 4 under the heading business model. Chapter 5 analyzes the present and future scenarios of Ortiz and how the business prepared to perform in the future as well as where it expects to stand within the next few years of its operation. It can be said that the business is expected to generate positive cash flow as well as increase its overall brand awareness and image. In the process of conducting business there exists wide possibility of risk to be encountered by the online business and hence the likely risks which Ortiz might encounter have been stated in the business plan along with the remedies and how to manage the risk. The business plan also included the critical success factor which the company should implement to its business and earns profit and achieves success. Budget and investment planned by Ortiz will be shown in detail where the budgets have been prepared for three years starting from 2012 to 2014. As such, by the projections of this analysis, Ortiz is expected to break even by next year - 2013. Thus it can be concluded that the business aims to provide its target customers with innovate and stylish footwear and create a brand value in the UK and Europe market. Contents Executive summary 2 Contents 4 Chapter 1 7 Introduction 7 Structure 9 Business Model and Source of Information 10 Assumptions 10 Timescale 10 Chapter 2 12 The business concept 12 Product/Service 13 Target market 14 Value Added 14 Specific Features 16 Opportunity 16 Marketing and

Cross Cultural Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Cross Cultural Management - Essay Example Organizations all differ in their culture. There are no too organizations with the exact culture. Cultural forms function as the linking mechanism by which networks of understanding develop among employees. The cultural forms shown in the table on pages 293-94 act as a medium for communicating ideologies, values, and norms. Cultural forms enable leaders to transmit messages about desirable culture to influence thinking and ways of behaving. Cultural forms also address the emotional aspects of organizations that are commonly referred to as cohesion or camaraderie. Organizational scholars Janice Beyer and Harrison Trice elaborate on this point: Cultural forms not only aid sense making through the meanings they convey; they also aid the sense making process through the emotional reassurances they provide that help people persist in their coping efforts. Forms provide a concrete anchoring point, even if the meaning they carry are vague and only imperfectly transmitted....Also many cultural forms involve the expression of emotion and, by this venting of emotions, help people to cope with stress.( http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/ndu/strat-ldr-dm/pt4ch16.html) Organizational diversity is the mixture of different individuals. Differences such as race, age, gender, religion, and ethnics. Diversity is very important in the attractiveness of an organization. ... Technology is increasing at a rapid pace. The world's technology is set to double in the next seven years. An organization must be technology advanced to be able to keep a competitive advantage over its competition. Many times when upgrades are made in a company employee training is necessary. Communication in an organization is very important for its success. Managers must be able to communicate with their subordinates quickly and effectively. Communication channels need to be a too ways lane. Employee feedback allows management to measure their own success. Employees should feel free to constructively comment and offer creative ideas to managers. Communication can take place in person, over the phone, or electronically. An organization's culture is a very complex and sensitive issue. Companies must develop a culture that appeals both to its employees and customers. The culture of an organization is a resemblance of its personality. Employee and managers will be working together on a daily bases and must get along. Human resource management is somewhat different in the global environment that in the domestic environment. Several factors contribute to this. One factor is the differences in worldwide labor markets. Each country has a different min of workers, labor costs, and companies. Companies can choose the mix of human resources that is best for them. Another factor is differences in worker mobility. Various obstacles make it difficult or impossible to move workers form one country to another. These include physical, economic, legal, and cultural barriers. Still another factor is managerial practices. Different business subcultures choose to manage their resources, including people, in different ways. The more countries in which a company operates, the greater

The Current State of the Post-Recession Global Economy Research Paper

The Current State of the Post-Recession Global Economy - Research Paper Example Additionally, there is always a shift in supply and demand. The needs of nations and individual differ making it complex to preserve the steadiness of the economy. An ideal situation can never exist in the world economy making recession inevitable. Consequently, the recession that took place in 2008 was expected. Recession has significantly influenced the global economy as apparent in trade, unemployment and relationship amid countries. The current state of the global economy after recession According to Foroohar & Schneiderman (2010), recession refers to a situation when the economy has experienced inflation for quite a long period. Recession affected most nations in the Western hemisphere in 2008. Before the recession began, Japan and the US were controlling most part of the global economy. Consequently, countries in the West were experiencing a boom in the property market. The rates of unemployment were at the lowest level for a long period, and banks were charging lower interest rates for loans. The decrease in lending rates contributed to the increase in investments. However, the gains came to a halt after the recession in 2009. Presently, the United States and Japan have limited control on the activities taking place in the global market. The two countries no longer influence trade directly because they are facing competition from China. The influence they had has shifted to countries like China, Brazil and South Korea. However, the US is still the global economic powerhouse. According to Avantika (2011), countries like India and Brazil are beginning to exert their influence on trade globally. As a result, growth is on the decline in Japan and America. This is making investors shift their plans by investing in developing economies. It is clear that Malaysia and Singapore are formulating innovations to counter the dynamics of trade. Concurrently, the US in coming up with policies to correct the decline of their economies. Consequently, the recent president ial debate in America focused on measures for reviving the global economy. According to Avantika (2011), there is stagnation in the growth of the economy of China at 7 per cent. This is a decline from the double-digit growth realized in the same time last year. This is an indication that the global economy is unpredictable. Schaeffer (2009) adds that uncertainties in the global economy have made nations readjust their plans. For instance, South Korea is deploying their resources towards energy production to avert the energy crisis. This is because most of the economic activities in the global economy are dependent on fossil fuels. Developing economies in Asia are opting to trade with African countries. This is affects global trade by reducing the demand of commodities from developed economies. Indeed, African nations have increased their demand for products from the markets in Asia. Besides, China is encouraging domestic consumption to reduce their dependency on exports. Moreover, C hina has reformed their pension scheme to cater for the needs of the middle-class citizen who constitute the majority in the populace. According to Neumark & Troske (2012), it is necessary to review trade policies for economies of Asian countries. New policies will bring changes in the healthcare and the education sector in developing eco

Cross Cultural Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Cross Cultural Management - Essay Example Organizations all differ in their culture. There are no too organizations with the exact culture. Cultural forms function as the linking mechanism by which networks of understanding develop among employees. The cultural forms shown in the table on pages 293-94 act as a medium for communicating ideologies, values, and norms. Cultural forms enable leaders to transmit messages about desirable culture to influence thinking and ways of behaving. Cultural forms also address the emotional aspects of organizations that are commonly referred to as cohesion or camaraderie. Organizational scholars Janice Beyer and Harrison Trice elaborate on this point: Cultural forms not only aid sense making through the meanings they convey; they also aid the sense making process through the emotional reassurances they provide that help people persist in their coping efforts. Forms provide a concrete anchoring point, even if the meaning they carry are vague and only imperfectly transmitted....Also many cultural forms involve the expression of emotion and, by this venting of emotions, help people to cope with stress.( http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/ndu/strat-ldr-dm/pt4ch16.html) Organizational diversity is the mixture of different individuals. Differences such as race, age, gender, religion, and ethnics. Diversity is very important in the attractiveness of an organization. ... Technology is increasing at a rapid pace. The world's technology is set to double in the next seven years. An organization must be technology advanced to be able to keep a competitive advantage over its competition. Many times when upgrades are made in a company employee training is necessary. Communication in an organization is very important for its success. Managers must be able to communicate with their subordinates quickly and effectively. Communication channels need to be a too ways lane. Employee feedback allows management to measure their own success. Employees should feel free to constructively comment and offer creative ideas to managers. Communication can take place in person, over the phone, or electronically. An organization's culture is a very complex and sensitive issue. Companies must develop a culture that appeals both to its employees and customers. The culture of an organization is a resemblance of its personality. Employee and managers will be working together on a daily bases and must get along. Human resource management is somewhat different in the global environment that in the domestic environment. Several factors contribute to this. One factor is the differences in worldwide labor markets. Each country has a different min of workers, labor costs, and companies. Companies can choose the mix of human resources that is best for them. Another factor is differences in worker mobility. Various obstacles make it difficult or impossible to move workers form one country to another. These include physical, economic, legal, and cultural barriers. Still another factor is managerial practices. Different business subcultures choose to manage their resources, including people, in different ways. The more countries in which a company operates, the greater

Career Analysis of a Real Estate Enterpreneur Essay

Career Analysis of a Real Estate Enterpreneur - Essay Example Their impact lives on for generations. A real estate entrepreneur, also known as a real estate investor, is a person actively or passively involved in real estate. Real estate refers to property that consists of land together with the housing and natural resources found on it. Thus, in business, real estate is a profession that deals with sales and purchase, or renting of land, housing or buildings. An active investor may buy or make improvements on property to be sold at a later date for profit. On the other hand, a passive investor does the work of an active investor indirectly. In their case, they hire firms to buy and manage property on their behalf. Career Path Real estate is an occupation to be considered by people with a balance of industry knowledge and entrepreneurial acumen. Even though getting a job as a real estate entrepreneur may not be difficult, beginning workers face a lot of competition from seasoned and well established entrepreneurs in the field. Organizations hav e taken the liberty to chart out the path of a real estate investment. This is done in stages of training. In each stage, an employee undergoes training. Upon their success, they rise up the ranks. For instance, Keller Williams Realty has seven levels of training (Keller Williams Realty, 2012). These levels include career launch, success series and boot camps. A summary of these levels is as shown below. Trends Real estate markets have a great impact on the economy. A healthy real estate market has been known to positively drive the economy. A good example is China. According to Barboza (2010), in 2003 to 2010 period, real estate prices in Shanghai increased by over 150%. Construction of property has continued despite the threat of credit crunch. The government has benefited from this rise in prices as GDP has increased from 2% (2000) to 6% (2011) due to residential housing investment. The 2008 global recession had an adverse effect on real estate industry. Sad though, the reverse i s also true. Economies have declined as a result of an unproductive real estate industry. In America, there was a decline of people being hired into the sector. However, this changed shortly after. Between January 2011 and January 2012, there was a 20% increase in job advertisements (Lombardi, 2012). Hiring Demands in the Real Estate Industry – 4 Year Hiring Trend Source: WANTED Analytics Technology is a significant aspect to the growing change in career trends. For part time real estate entrepreneurs, the increasing use of technology may work to their detriment in comparison to full time entrepreneurs who invest in technology. The same technology does have a positive impact. It has increased the productivity of real estate investors. It has widened the market base since they are able to access their customers and do research on various property using the internet. The internet is particularly resourceful because of the pool of information it contains. The perception of real estate as a worthwhile investment and low interest rates continue to stimulate real estate sales. This creates demand for real estate entrepreneurs. One may, therefore, choose real estate investment as a career path. The legal front also plays a vital role in determining trends in real estate. Real estate entrepreneurs need to meet certain legal requirements and adhere to certain legal conditions. Changes in legal requirements, like the disclosure laws, may discourage some who are not serious or are not abreast with such

Blood clots Essay Example for Free

Blood clots Essay Blood clots are also known as the thrombus which is the result of blood coagulation step in hemostasis. Blood clots are formed through platelets’ aggression which makes a platelet plug and the stimulation of the humoral coagulation system. Blood clots noted as a pathologic in terms of thrombosis but then it is physiologic in terms of injury. Thrombus signifies blood clotting in the intact blood vessels. It is a big blood vessel that reduces blood flow via that vessel. Moreover, in the case of small blood vessel, the blood movement might totally stop which may cause death of tissue which provided by the said vessel. If the thrombus extricates and turns out to be free-floating, it becomes an embolus. There are several conditions in which blood clots form which involve atrial fibrillation which is a cardiac arrhythmia’s formation, heart valve replacement, extension periods of inactivity, a previous heart attack and genetic inadequacies (see â€Å"Thrombus†. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. October 11, 2006). Blood clots’ preventions may decrease the possibility of pulmonary embolism, heart attack and stroke. Warfarin and heparin are frequently used to slow and restrain formation and progress of prevailing blood clots which permit our body to decrease and suspend the blood clots by means of usual methods. A thrombus is distinct from haematoma by means of: being non-laminar being elastic and brittle has a high haematocrit lacks of circulation (see â€Å"Thrombus†. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. October 11, 2006). The purposes of this study are to: (1) know what blood clots are; (2) be aware on how blood clots do form and; (3) learn how blood clots treated. II. Discussion A. About Blood Clots If the blood vessels are destroyed, the lack of blood from the system should be suspended before â€Å"shock† occurs and may possibly leads patient’s death. It is achieved through the blood’s solidification and the said process is termed as coagulation or clotting. Blood clots comprise of a plug of platelets entangled in a group of insoluble fibrin molecules (see â€Å"Blood Clotting†. June 4, 2005). Moreover, blood clots are the misery and pest of the existence of human beings. The can create strokes and heart attacks and they suspend blood supply to an individual’s legs. Many physicians denote this process as thrombosis. Several scientists have extensive researched for a period of time regarding the vascular biology which has an intention to stop thrombosis and cure its consequences yet it continuously serves as a culprit for death causes. Approximately in the past five years, the Mayo cardiovascular researchers continually widened their investigations regarding the vascular biology after they found out that thrombosis formed through interaction of cells exist in the vessel wall and in the circulation of the bloodstream. Dr. Simari stated that: â€Å"The major focus of our lab is to understand the biological process that narrows blood vessels, both in arthrosclerosis and in re- stenosis. Our aim is to take the biological clues that we learn from our research and use them to generate biological markers and treatments that can predict, prevent and treat thrombosis at the site of vascular injury (see â€Å"The Biology of Blood Clots†. Mayo Clinic’s Online Research Magazine. 2006). In addition, the blood clots develop even if an individual does not experience injury. Even though majority of the blood clots have a tendency to suspend, there are circumstances in which blood clots can create medical dilemmas. Blood clots turn out to be risky if they block blood movement via artery or vein. If the blood clot prevents or deters the blood movement to an artery in the brain or heart, it may lead to stroke or heart attack. Blood clots can deter, too, the veins and arteries in our entire body which cause illnesses like varicose veins to serious pulmonary embolism. The picture below illustrates the formation of blood clot (see â€Å"Blood Clots†. HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006). B. How blood clots do form? The cells which line inside the layer of blood vessel becomes injured which is instigated by a wound. The blood platelets automatically go directly to the injured area and connect themselves with the intention to close of the wound. Look at the picture below (see â€Å"How do blood clots form? March 11, 2004). Platelets clump together and the clothing process begins The platelets discharge a chemical substance which draw and bring together more platelets to the injured area. In the meantime, other substances are mix with platelets to create and develop a blood clot. This process is named as coagulation. Fibrin is released. Fibrin describes as a thread-like protein which aids the stabilization of the clot in the blood vessel. The picture below shows how blood clot forms and fibrin stabilizes clot (see â€Å"How do blood clots form? March 11, 2004). Additionally, blood clot can be developed too through gradual increase of plaque inside the artery-an example for this is the atherosclerosis- or other illnesses. Any vein or artery may possibly experience and form blood clots inside our body which include the coronary arteries that provide the heart with blood, the arteries which provide the brain with blood-an example for this is the carotid arteries, and the veins in the legs. As mentioned earlier, blood clots can also be dangerous if will it develop inside in any of these arteries: ? The pulmonary artery passes through from the heart to the lungs. Obstruction in this artery is named as a pulmonary embolism and may create a great damage in the lungs and in several circumstances, may lead to death. This is because of the abnormal heart pulse which is termed as atrial fibrillation or through a peripheral venous disorder inside the veins of the legs-an example is the deep vein thrombosis. ? One of the coronary arteries that can be found on the heart’s surface and provide the heart muscle with new, oxygen-rich blood. The obstruction of the coronary arteries may possibly cause a heart attack. In this condition, blood clots normally develop as a reaction to the plaque rupture that happens if a plaque piles up inside the coronary artery fractures’ wall, which initiate blood clotting. ? The carotid arteries that is located in the neck and provide the brain with oxygen-rich blood. Obstruction may possibly initiate a stroke-an example for this is the transient ischemic attack. ? The femoral artery which is located in the leg. Obstruction may instigate pain like claudication, absence of color’s area, weakness and when this is not cured, infection like gangrene and tissue death like necrosis. An artery can be located in the abdomen. Obstruction may create diarrhea, vomiting or pain (â€Å"Blood Clots†. HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006). C. how blood clots treated Several physicians cure blood clots with several procedures. Treatments like anticoagulants that aid to prevent blood clots and clot busters that aid to suspend blood clots. In some serious circumstances, physicians may possibly decide to use for a catheter-based procedure which utilize a long, thin tube named as catheter or even decide for a surgery to take off the clot-thrombectomy. Moreover, there are maybe devices that need to be implanted in particular blood vessels in order to catch blood clots before there will be more injury happened (see â€Å"Blood Clots†. HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006). C. 1 Treatment options for blood clots The option in treating blood clots is a case to case basis whether the clot has developed in an artery or a vein and creates stroke or heart attack. During emergencies, thrombolytic treatments-clot busters- may possibly used to suspend the blood clot. These treatments are applied to some selected patients in accordance to an extensive protocol. In order to be efficient, they are provided no less than one hour of the heart attack or in three hours of the stroke. Thrombolytics are normally applied when there are huge clots which cause severe and life-threatening signs. These can create abrupt and unexpected bleeding. There are many invasive methods that can also be used. One of these is the catheter-directed thrombolysis. It is a method which the catheter proc\vides thrombolytic enzymes straight to the blood clot. Throughout this process, greater enzymes’ concentrations could be utilized and may possibly have lesser side effects compared when the enzymes are supplied subcutaneously no less than two days. Thrombolytic method is followed by a treatment that has anticoagulants to stop more blood clots from formation. Anticoagulants could be advised to patients that have great risk of a blood clot. Researchers are really trying very hard to different catheter-based procedures to cure stroke rapidly. One of the experimental procedures which included is the use of a tiny â€Å"corkscrew† device which rapidly reverses the injury created by a stroke. The said device is directed to where the blood clot is; where it removes the obstruction. Another procedure depends on a special laser catheter which utilizes light energy to suspend rapidly the blood clot. These latest therapies can be accessible to a patient that cannot bear clot-busting drugs (see â€Å"Treatment options for blood. † Blood Clot, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006). Furthermore, when a blood clot develops in a leg vein, there is a risk that a pulmonary embolism will form. A pulmonary embolism may possibly be a life-threatening in which blood clots break away from its location and passes through the bloodstream and stay in one of the blood vessels of the lungs. To avoid and stop a pulmonary embolism, the present blood clots in the legs may cured with a mixture of heat, thrombolytics, painkilling treatments, elevation of the injured area to lessen swelling and anticoagulants. This procedure relies on the clot’s size and the seriousness of any current symptoms. When a patient does not react to anticoagulants, the physicians will decide for a process which uses a catheter having a special device named as vena cava filter. The vena cava filter is inserted in the large vein which transports blood from the legs up to the heart and lungs (vena cava). Additionally, the vena cava filter is a kind of a device which catches blood clots within the vein before the blood clots are permitted to reach the lungs. However, there are several danger related with vena cava filters which comprise failure of the filter in terms of time and blood clots created by means of it. Many researchers really work on in improving the vena cava filters which can be withdrawn right after the medication of pulmonary embolism. There are researches that substantiated and confirmed that treatment in a longer period of time along with a low-does anticoagulant drugs aids in stopping the presence of blood clots amongst those patients who have background of vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (see â€Å"Treatment options for blood. † Blood Clot, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006). C. 2 Diagnosis methods There are several ways on how to diagnose blood clots. It starts with a medical background and physical test. When there is suspension of clot, several of examinations are utilized to substantiate the diagnosis and these include Doppler ultrasound, CAT scan and MRI: *Doppler ultrasound pertains to an imaging technology which utilizes sound or motion waves to give visual images of the structure and of several blood vessels and organs in our body (see â€Å"Diagnosis methods for blood clots†. Blood clots, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006). * CAT scan refers to computer axial tomography. It is an examination which utilizes a number of x-rays which got from different sides in order to give a computerized three-dimensional image of a body shape (see â€Å"Diagnosis methods for blood clots†. Blood clots, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006). *MRI means magnetic resonance imaging which is a noninvasive examination that utilizes magnetic fields to give high-resolution cross- sectional or three-dimensional visual images of the aimed surface (see â€Å"Diagnosis methods for blood clots†. Blood clots, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006). References 1. â€Å"Thrombus†. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. October 11, 2006. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Blood_clot 2. â€Å"Blood Clotting†. June 4, 2005. http://users. rcn. com/jkimball. ma. ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Clotting. html 3. â€Å"Blood Clots†. HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006. http://heart. healthcentersonline. com/bloodclot/bloodclots. cfm 4. â€Å"The Biology of Blood Clots†. Mayo Clinic’s Online Research Magazine. 2006. http://discoverysedge. mayo. edu/vascular_biology/ 5. â€Å"How do blood clots form? March 11, 2004. http://www. innohepusa. com/corporateweb/innohepus/home. nsf/Content/Howdoclotsform. 6. â€Å"Treatment options for blood. † Blood Clot, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006. http://heart. healthcentersonline. com/bloodclot/bloodclots7. cfm 7. â€Å"Diagnosis methods for blood clots†. Blood clots, HeartCenterOnline. May 9, 2006. http://heart. healthcentersonline. com/bloodclot/bloodclots6. cfm

The Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Biology Essay

The Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Biology Essay Autoimmunity is a disorder in which an organism loses its ability to recognize the self and non-self antigen, which would further lead to immune response against its own cells and tissues. Diseases that results from such abnormal immune responses are termed as autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is an autoimmune disorder in which endogenous antibodies are directed against the red blood cells and upregulated leading to erythrocyte death. This review article focuses on the types of AIHA based on the classification of the antibodies and the temperature at which they are active i.e warm AIHA, cold AIHA and mixed AIHA , based on the age of its occurance i.e adult or pediatric AIHA, causes, diagnostic techniques, diseases which may cause AIHA as a secondary disorder, treatment and its aftereffects, current and future prospectives of its studies. Abbreviations: AIHA Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, WAIHA Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, CAIHA Cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia, RBCs Red blood cells, DAT Direct antiglobin test. INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a disorder in which the auto-antibodies are directed against the persons own red blood cells (1). It is a relatively uncommon but not a rare disorder. It has an estimated incidence of 1 to 3 cases per 100,000 population per year (1). There are three types of AIHA based on the temperature of activity of the autoantibodies i.e warm AIHA, cold AIHA and mixed type AIHA of which warm AIHA has the most common occurance (more than 70%) followed by cold AIHA (about 20%) and mixed type has least occurance (2). Further AIHA is classified on the basis of age of the patient suffering from the disorder i.e pediatric AIHA and adult AIHA. Pediatric AIHA is from the age group of 1 to 16 (or 18) years and mostly has no underlying causes (2). Adult AIHA is from 18 years and above and is mostly associated with some underlying primary diseases. Sometimes AIHA is caused due to administration of some drugs and is called drug induced AIHA. AIHA may also be of secondary or idiopathic type. The further description of the different types of AIHA is explained below. TYPES OF AIHA: Based on the temperature at which the auto-antibodies are active: Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (WAIHA) It the most common type of AIHA. Warm auto-antibodies are usually IgG. It is called warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia because the antibodies have their peak activity at 370C. IgG effectively binds to the FC receptor of phagocytic cells. Hence the destruction of RBCs takes place mostly by phagocytosis. IgG may or may not fix complement. Hemolysis of RBCs also takes place in spleen. WAIHA may be idiopathic i.e when there is no primary infection causing the disorder or secondary to lymphoproliferative diseases, autoimmune diseases, viral infections, immune deficiency etc (1)(2)(3)(6). Cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia (CAIHA) Cold auto-antibodies are usually IgM antibodies. Rarely IgG or IgA antibodies can act as cold auto-antibodies. It is so called because the antibodies have their peak activity at temperature ranging from 0-40 C (1)(2)(3)(6). IgM antibodies are potent classical complement pathway activators. Hence causes complement mediated lysis of RBCs. Paraxysmal cold hemoglobinurea a form of CAIHA, is caused by cold active IgG hemolysin. It was usually associated with some underlying diseases like syphilis, measles, mumps or other viral diseases (1)(2)(6). Mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia Both warm auto-antibodies and cold auto-antibodies are present the blood. It is more fatal than the WAIHA and CAIHA. Detection and diagnosis is also more difficult than the earlier types (1)(2)(3)(4)(6). Based on the age of the patient suffering from the disorder AIHA is classified as: Pediatric AIHA Affects the age group of 1-16 years, with a higher incidence of occurance in the first four years of life (1). It may spontaneously resolve on its own. It shows a good response to the steroid treatment. It has a severe onset and less morbity rate. Males are more prone to pediatric AIHA (2). Adult AIHA Affects the age group of 18 years and above. It is more often associated with the underlying lymphoproliferative, autoimmune and infectious diseases. Treatment is steroid therapy or spleenectomy. Has higher morbity rate compared to adult AIHA because of the difficulty or inability in treating the underlying disease (2). Based on the cause of its occurance, following are the types of AIHA: Secondary AIHA It is mainly caused due to some underlying diseases like bacterial, fungal or viral infections. The primary underlying diseases that may cause secondary AIHA are Sjogrens syndrome (10), lymphoproliferative and autoimmune diseases (2).Treatment of the secondary AIHA would also include the treatment of the underlying primary disease, for its complete remission (1). Idiopathic AIHA Has no particular underlying causes like infections or primary diseases for its occurance. Mortality rate is comparatively less than that of secondary AIHA (1). Drug induced AIHA Cause of occurance are drug molecules that binds to the surface of the RBC membrane, acts as non-self antigens, thus inducing the autoantibodies against the RBCs and further leads to hemolysis (2). Examples of the drugs that cause drug induced hemolytic anemia are Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, L-dopa, Procainamide (6). CAUSES In majority of the cases AIHA is caused due to some primary underlying diseases like lymphoproliferative, autoimmune and infectious diseases (2). For example, after the M.suis infection in pigs, warm IgG autoantibodies are directed against the RBCs and destroys it. In this case actin was the active component that played a vital role in inducing an autoimmune response. Actin acted as a target protein for the autoreactive antibody during the acute phase of the M.suis infection. The autoreactive antibody production is induced by a misguided upregulation of the naturally occurring B cells specific for self antigens, appearance of previously cryptic antigens, occurance of altered self antigens, tolerance to self antigens due to molecular mimicry. The autoimmune epitopes (in this case actin) on the RBCs may be due to contact with the proteolytic enzymes. Cytoskeleton of the RBCs gets modified by the attachment and invasion of the infectious agent. Also the infectious agent causes damage to the RBCs making the hidden cytoskeletal proteins of the RBCs accessible for the circulating antibodies. Due to all the above mentioned reasons the antibodies recognizes them as non-self and elicit an immune response (3). There are several other causes which may lead to AIHA other than due to a primary infections. For example higher incidence of occurance of AIHA after allogenic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation in adult patients. Further studies proved that the chances of development of AIHA is more in patients with HSCT from unrelated donors and also that they develop chronic extensive graft versus host disease (GVDH). In such cases it was observed that AIHA was never the primary cause of death, rather it was due to infection of GVDH (5). In some rare cases, liver transplantation or solid organ transplantation leads to the development of AIHA (11)(14)(15). DIAGNOSIS: The destruction or removal of red blood cells from the circulation before their normal life span of 120 days is called Hemolysis. Hemolysis manifests itself as acute or chronic anemia, reticulocytosis or jaundice. Intravascular hemolysis refers to the destruction of red blood cells in the blood with the release of contents into plasma. This is then followed by direct membrane degradation and cell destruction caused by mechanical trauma from a damaged endothelium, complement fixation and activation on the cell surface. On the other hand, extravascular hemolysis refers to the removal and destruction of red blood cells with membrane alterations by the macrophages of the spleen and liver. The hemolysis can be categorized broadly into the following types: HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA HEREDITARY (6) ACQUIRED (6) ( Due to infections (6) Microangiopathic (6) Autoimmune (6) Autoimmune (6) Alloimmune (6) Drug induced (2) (6) Paroxysmal (1)(2)(6) Mixed (1)(2)(3) (4)(6) Cold (1)(2) (3)(6) Warm (1)(2) (3)(6) Immune complex or Auto-antibody (6) Drug absorption (hapten induced) (6) Delayed transfusion reaction (6) Acute transfusion reaction (6) Flow chart 2: Broad classification of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Since all the above said categories of hemolytic anemias have many similar symptoms and expressions, efficient diagnostic techniques should be developed to detect the correct category of hemolytic anemia for its appropriate treatment. DIAGNOSTIC TESTING Basic diagnosis for hemolysis on the basis of laboratory and peripheral smear findings: Hematologic tests Reticulocytosis which is the normal response of the bone marrow to the peripheral loss of blood cells is an important characteristic laboratory feature of hemolysis. Checking for the presence of reticulocytosis can be used for diagnosis of hemolysis. Review of the peripheral blood smear with an assessment for pathognomic red blood cell morphologies (spherocytes or schistocytes) along with examination of WBCs and platelets is very important for the evaluation of any anemia (6). Chemistry tests Increased unconjugated bilirubin, increased lactate dehydrogenase, and decreased haptoglobin levels are characteristic feature of the distruction of RBCs and thus can be used for diagnosis of hemolysis (6). c) In addition to the above tests, urinary tests are also be performed (6) After diagnosis of the basic hemolysis, its etiology is determined by performing further diagnostic tests. This review article focuses on the diagnostic techniques specific for AIHA. Microspherocyte on a peripheral smear and positive direct antiglobin test (DAT) is a characteristic feature of AIHA (1). The direct antiglobin test ,is also known as direct Coombs test (8). It demonstrates the presence of antibodies or complement on the surface of red blood cells which is the hallmark of autoimmune hemolysis (8). In this technique, the patients red blood cells are mixed with rabbit or mouse antibodies against human IgG or C3. The test would give a positive result if an agglutination reaction between the patients antibody or complement coated red blood cells by anti-IgG or C3 is observed. RBC agglutination with anti-IgG serum indicates warm AIHA and RBC agglutination with anti-C3 indicates the cold AIHA. However further efficient and very specific diagnostic techniques should be developed to distinguish mixed AIHA and paraxysomal cold hemoglobinuria from the other types. Also the present diagnostic techniques many a times failed to give an errorless distinction between these two types of AIHA (4). The three types of drug induced anemia based on their mechanism of their mechanism of action can be detected by a positive DAT and its type can be identified by the intravascular or extra-vascular hemolysis that it produces (6). TREATMENT: Treatment mainly depends upon the type of AIHA i.e warm antibody type, cold antibody type, mixed antibody type or paraxysomal cold hemoglobinuria and also on the secondary or the idiopathic forms. The following are the treatment options for AIHA. However each treatment stratergies has its own advantages and disadvavtages. Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia i) CORTICOSTEROIDS The initial therapeutic agent used for treatment of WAIHA patients are the corticosteroids. There is a rapid onset of response. This therapy is usually maintained for 1-3 weeks, however sudden ceasation of therapy may result in prompt relapse of hemolysis. The adverse effects of long term use of corticosteroids as a therapeutic agent would include pulmonary aspergellosis, central nervous system hemorrhage (2), osteoporosis, avascular necrosis, susceptibility to infection, abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism and growth suppression in children (7).The gluocorticoids may inhibit antimicrobial activity of macrophages thus showing side effects when treated with it (2). In cases of pediatric anemia, prednisolone along with folic acid supplementation was used for therapy which showed a positive response in 81% of the patients (8). ii) SPLENECTOMY Splenectomy is mainly considered in patients who donot respond to the corticosteroid therapy. The main advantage of splenectomy is that it has a potential for a complete and long term remission. The adverse effect of spelectomy would include overwhelming postspelectomy infection (OPSI) which may result in serious morbity or mortality in a small percentage of patients after spelectomy (2)(7)(8). iii) IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE DRUGS This is the third therapeutic option after both corticosteroid therapy and spelectomy. Examples of the immuno-suppressive drugs would include azathioprine, cyclosporine (8), rituximab (9)(11) etc. iv) DANAZOLE It is an attenuated androgen with good responses and comparatively lesser side effects (2)(7). v) INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBIN In patients who doesnot respond to the corticosteroids, it is used as a second line therapy. However, intravenous immunotherapy is expensive (2)(7). vi) PLASMA EXCHANGE Used for acute reversal of severe hemolysis along with other therapeutic agents. Cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia The simplest and the possible way for reducing the severity of CAIHA is avoidance of cold. Plasma exchange showed a temporary benefit in a small percentage of patients. Any other therapeutic options involved more potential risks than probable benefits. Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria In most of the cases hemolysis terminates spontaneously and hence only supportive care is required. Sometimes transfusion of RBCs and corticosteroid therapy may have a positive impact on the treatment. Atmost care should be taken in case of secondary autoimmune hemolytic anemia i.e the underlying diseases like chronic lymphocytic leukemia, systemic lupus erytromatous, lymphomas etc should be treated for complete remission from AIHA (7).Combinational therapy was used in some cases of AIHA as secondary infection. Example, a case in which AIHA was found in association with Plasmodium vivax infection was treated with chloroquine and primaquine (for P.vivax infection), prednisolone and transfusion of least incompatible RBCs (for AIHA) (12). CONLUSION This review article gives a very short explanation about autoimmunity as a disorder. It mainly focused on auto-immune hemolytic anemia which is a subset of autoimmunity. The types of AIHA, causes, diagnosis and possible treatment stratergies were discussed. The future area of research under this topic is in finding out more efficient and specific diagnostic techniques to detect mixed and paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria and treatment options with maximum results and minimum side-effects. Drugs like Bortizomib (13), Alemtuzumab (humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD52 antigen) etc are still under research for the treatment of hemolytic anemia (16).

Purpose :: essays papers

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review and understand the different ways technology can enhance physical education. The use of technology has a great influence on the strategies and teaching methods used by physical educators. Method/Results One way is to use electronic pedometers. Electronic pedometers allow students to determine the distance they walked ran or used other locomotor skills to move. Pedometers are widely used in fitness evaluations. With the use of these digital electronic pedometers, students can understand how far they have moved using the various locomotor skills done in physical education. It also allows students to determine the various distances for each activity they have completed in Physical education class. That technology can enhance physical education is with the use of hearth rate monitors. Students will learn how to wear, use and gather data form the heart rate monitor. With the use of heart rate monitors students will become knowledgeable of how and where they should be with their level of fitness against the fitness level of other students. â€Å"Heart monitors provide a way to measure improvements in fitness levels, below maximum effort, and recovery. â€Å"Online technology for physical education keeps students and teachers up to date with the latest developments in the use of technology in physical education†. (Siedentop, 2004, p.274) The internet also gives students different ways to interact in physical education; they can look up spots, games, and fun things to do when they are not in the classroom. It is important that students continue to participate in physical activity even when they are not in school. The computer revolutionized the way we live, work, and go to school. The use of a computer is very important to the physical education teacher. The greatest value of computers may reside in the ability to provide improved support to classroom instruction, and the variety of software programs that can be used in conjunction with physical education. Some programs are available to track grading, student fitness performance. Technology is such a big resource to physical education, and the reason that we need to have these forms of technology in physical education, is due to the fact that the nation is staggering through life with the worst health problems that it has ever faced. Cardiovascular disease is the number one killer in America. Lack of exercise is considered to be one of the major risk factors for heart disease. Conclusion Adopting a physical lifestyle early in life increases the likelihood that young children will learn to move and become more physically fit.

Music Appreciation Lab Questions Essay

This is the second lab assignment for the Fine Art Survey class. The link in blue has a set of questions beneath it. Open the link and watch the video. **Note that the link opens up a new browser window. Please answer the questions on this document and submit the work as one file attachment. This means you complete all work in one word processing document (e.g., Microsoft Word) and attach the file using the dropbox tool. The answers to the lab questions are worth 80 points. 80-74=A73-68=B67-60=C59-54=D53 or less = F Lab Questions Visit Divas and Superstars and watch the show’s video. (If you have trouble with the link, put this website into the address bar: http://video.pbs.org/video/1300186085/ ) 1. Who sang at the Grammy’s in Spanish in the late 1990s? What was the reaction? Ricky Martin sang in Spanish at the Grammys. the crowd and people watching at home loved it. It was widely supported and accepted. 2. When did Latin music burst back on the scene? What song brought it back to the mainstream? What effect did it have? Latin music bursted back on the scene in 1984. â€Å"Conga† by Gloria Estefan & the Miami Sound Machine brought back Latin music back to the mainstream. It defined Latin pop music by mixing a Latin beat with English words. 3. How did the sounds of salsa change? The sounds of salsa changed because it was starting to be fused with pop, R&B, etc., so that more people could understand it. 4. What was the influence of CBS’ Latin division on the explosion of Latin music in the US? CBS Latin division supported and sponsored Latin music and helped it in its growth across America. 5. Who were some of the artists who brought together Latin influenced music with mainstream pop music? Jenifer Lopez, Marc Anthony, Ricky Martin, and Gloria Stefan & the Miami Sound Machine were some of the artists that brought together Latin influenced music with the mainstream pop music. 6. Why did the Latin music influence decrease? The Latin music influence decreased people started becoming more modernized and less people could understand the music. 7. What was Reggaeton? Reggaeton was a mixture of the Jamacian â€Å"Dem Bow† beat mixed with Puerto Rican and Latin beats. 8. What other types of music are being influenced by â€Å"Latin† music? Hip-Hop, rap, pop, and rock are all types of music being influenced by â€Å"Latin† music.

Handbook of Interpersonal Communication Essay

Interpersonal communication in the work area, which is argued to be created and recreated by means narrative and as well as discourse, is an integral part of organizational change and the organization itself. For this reason, many organizations set their attentions fro researches on interpersonal communication. The article by Mark Knapp and John Daly is one article that will interest those who seek to now more about interpersonal communication not only in the work place but interpersonal communication as a whole. The article of Phyl Johnson takes the readers to the important and highlighted aspects that can be found in the text written by Mark Knapp and John Daly about interpersonal communication between peoples in organizations. This article offers the reader a glimpse of what the book is along with the different topics that the book offers by reviewing chosen chapter from the books and introducing its concepts to the readers. Also, Johnson illustrates the five main divisions of Knapp and Daly’s article which are namely â€Å"introduction, perspective on inquiry, fundamental units, processes and functions and contexts† (Johnson 989). The introduction part of the article gives the reader an overview of what the article was all about as well as the side that the author will take. They also introduce the issues that they find important in the field of interpersonal communication both in the present time and the time to come. Such issues include â€Å"behavior as well as cognition, consciousness and intent, and meaning created in the text† (Johnson 990). The next section of the text, perspective on inquiry, focuses on the different methods of inquiry that exist in communication research in which Johnson chose Bochner’s chapter, The Moral Stories, from the three chapters in the section. The chapter shows how the study of organizations and other fields rise in the usage of narrative analysis. The third section which is fundamental units, takes the readers in to the basics of communication that serves as a starting point for readers that are newly interested in the field. Johnson takes into account the works of Burgoon and Hoobler’s text that tackles nonverbal signals that are either consciously or unconsciously sent within organizations. The section helps in introducing the readers to nonverbal communication within organizations such as the use of visual bodily movement as well as the biases incorporated in nonverbal communications. The importance of verbal and as well as nonverbal communication is also highlighted in this chapter of the article by Knapp and Daly. The fourth chapter, the processes and functions, has six chapters discussing â€Å"supportive communication, interpersonal conflict, interpersonal skills and†¦emotional communication† (Johnson 990). Johnson reviewed emotional communication from Metts nd Planalp’s dealing with emotions within the organizations that looks at motions in the context of expression as well as writing and gender roles. Then it moves through different fields such as anthropology, philosophy and others (i. e. art, business, history, psychology and sociology). The last chapter, contexts, focuses on interpersonal communication as seen in different contexts which include the work place, health care as well as family relationships and romantic relationships in which the author chose to review the chapter by Sias, Krone and Jablin regarding workplace relationships from an ecological point of view. The chapter focuses on the different status relationship in the workplace as well as some ways in balancing the power and as well as maintaining the distance and dominance within the persons in the organization. As a final remark, the author recommends the text by Knapp and Daly stating that it is a â€Å"good accessible starting point† (Johnson 993) for those who are interested in the micro level of organizations such as the communication (interpersonal communication) within organizations. Work Cited Johnson, Phyl. â€Å"Handbook of Interpersonal Communication. (Book Reviews). † Organization Studies 24. 6 (July 2003): 989(4). InfoTrac Communication & Mass Media eCollection. Gale. CCLA, Miami Dade Comm College. 28 June 2008 .

Jonathan Swift Contrast

Thesis statement: In the satire â€Å"A Modest Proposal,† Jonathan Swift addresses a problem that is extremely serious on a grand scale and uses a somber tone to present his solution; however, in the parody â€Å"An Innocent Proposal,† Benjamen Pewitt refers to a less significant concern and his plan to fix it is meant to be hilarious. I. Problem A. Swift B. Pewitt II. Solution A. Swift B. Pewitt Most people have watched and probably laughed at the television series South Park or the movie Spaceballs. These are two great examples of satire and a parody.Satires and parodies are created in all kinds of formats from movies and television shows to music, books, and plays. One of their main purposes is to entertain the audience, and most of the time they are extremely humorous. But they are also created for very specific reasons. For example, the Merriam-Webster online dictionary defines satire as â€Å"a literary work holding up human vices and follies to ridicule or scorn . † An example is in an episode of South Park when Stan’s girlfriend breaks up with him because his Facebook status is single. This makes fun of America’s obsession with Facebook.As further noted by Merriam-Webster a parody is â€Å"A literary or musical work in which the style of the author or work is closely imitated for comic effect or in ridicule. † Spaceballs is a great representation of this definition because it mocks Star Wars, and the entire plot for the movie is based on Star Wars. In the satire â€Å"A Modest Proposal† Jonathan Swift addresses a problem that is extremely serious on a grand scale and uses a somber tone to present his solution; however, in the parody â€Å"An Innocent Proposal† Benjamen Pewitt refers to a less significant concern, and his plan to fix it is meant to be hilarious.Swift’s home country, Ireland, is in a dire state of need, and they are becoming desperate. People’s lives are at stake if sign ificant obstacles are not soon overcome. Jane E. Aaron, the author of the textbook 40 Model Essays, best summarizes the situation by writing, â€Å"Several years of crop failures had resulted in widespread starvation among the Irish poor, yet the government of England†¦and the well-to-do Irish had done nothing to help† (356). This reveals the causes of this disaster. Swift illustrates the severity of the problem when he states, â€Å"It is a melancholy object to . . see the streets, roads, and cabin doors, crowded with beggars of the female sex, followed by three, four, or six children, all in rags and importuning every passenger for an alms† (357). This really paints a picture of how disgusting the streets of Ireland are becoming. Swift talks about how this is ruining the future of Ireland when he says these poor children of Ireland grow up, and they â€Å"either turn thieves for want of work, or leave their dear native country to fight for the Pretender in Spai n, or sell themselves to the Barbados† (357).Therefore, if this tragedy in Ireland is not soon fixed, then the Irish society may collapse. In contrast, Pewitt writes about a minor problem occurring in high schools everywhere, which is the public display of affection. In a truly accurate assessment, Pewitt points out, â€Å"It is definitely a disgusting sight to see a person pinned to the wall and has become a distraction to both the participant and the innocent passerby† (45). It is indeed highly painful to watch this happen, but nowhere near as hurtful to see women and children stealing and â€Å"begging† for food in the â€Å"streets of Ireland. Public display of affection is just one of many small disciplinary hurdles for high schools to overcome, on the other hand the obstacle in Ireland is the main concern for the future of the entire country. Another statement that demonstrates the level of difference between the two problems is when Pewitt opens his essay by insisting â€Å"High school administrators, react now and save many minutes of valuable time and reduce your stress level tremendously† (45). Pewitt is concerned with teacher’s free time and â€Å"stress level,† however Swift is trying to save the entire country of Ireland from â€Å"widespread starvation.Although public display of affection is not a very pleasant sight to see and is a growing concern in High Schools, it is not nearly a disaster to the same magnitude as a collapsing society. The solution given by Swift in his essay is intended to be taken very seriously. Even though it is not realistic, he uses a very somber tone as he reveals it. His proposal is for his country to actually use the babies in â€Å"rags† that are burdens on their mothers to â€Å"contribute to the feeding, and partly to the clothing, of many thousands. This way the mothers will have fewer expenses to worry about, and they can actually make extra money by selling thei r babies for lots of value if they are properly fed for nutritional purposes. Also the whole country would benefit because these babies would help feed many more people since crops are not producing enough. He presents this outrageous claim in such a serious manner in order to get people’s attention, and to show them how desperately they need an answer. He implies they might as well start killing babies if any type of effort is not put forth to help, otherwise people are going to keep dying anyway if nothing else is done.His somber tone is crucial in his attempt to make the audience aware of the intensity of this tragedy and convince them that action needs to take place soon. On the contrary, the plan asserted by Pewitt seems meaningless therefore is intended more for entertainment. There is no real threat the public display of affection really poses, and it is something that will continue to happen in future no matter what is done. In other words, Pewitt is mocking the work of Swift, and is simply trying to get a good laugh from his audience.His solution to the public display of affection is an â€Å"easily accessible fornication grotto. † He explains the â€Å"grotto† will include â€Å"soft beds and couches, and some very low Barry White music to set the mood†(45) and even a â€Å"professional advisor† to help coach. This shows how sarcastic Pewitt really gets in the humorous tone he uses. In summary, Swift is genuinely trying to fix a problem which may produce severe consequences by suggesting a ridiculous solution to get people’s attention, and Pewitt parodies his work by sarcastically suggesting the most hilarious plan imaginable.Swift and Pewitt use two totally different approaches to answering two totally different problems, and they do this for two completely different reasons. Swift attempts to save the country of Ireland with the use of satire. He writes in a somber tone and offers his unrealistic plan of ea ting babies to get people’s attention and open their eyes to how dire the situation is becoming. This outrageous idea Swift has came up with serves as â€Å"ridicule† toward the Irish people for not taking any action.He is telling them if they are not going to think of something they might as well resort to his plan, because people are dying anyway. Pewitt, on the other hand, presents his â€Å"fornication grotto† as a sarcastically ridiculous answer for public display of affection as a parody to the work of Swift. Although, his concern is meaningless in contrast to Swift’s, and this is why his tone is not to be taken seriously. Swift’s satire was written for an extremely important cause, and all Pewitt wants in his parody is a good laugh.